عنوان پایان‌نامه
تاثیر تمرینات تعادلی بر وابستگی به توجه در تکالیف دوگانه تعادلی -شناختی
- رشته تحصیلی
- تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی - رفتار حرکتی
- مقطع تحصیلی
- کارشناسی ارشد
- محل دفاع
- کتابخانه دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی شماره ثبت: 882;کتابخانه مرکزی -تالار اطلاع رسانی شماره ثبت: 53981
- تاریخ دفاع
- ۲۰ اسفند ۱۳۹۰
- دانشجو
- نوید سلطان پور
- استاد راهنما
- محمود شیخ
- چکیده
- تعادل و کنترل وضعیتی از مهم ترین نیازهای ورزش و فعالیت بدنی است که غالباً در یک الگوی تکلیف دوگانه تعادلی-شناختی اتفاق می افتد. در این میان به دلیل ظرفیت محدود توجه در شرایط مخاطره آمیز غالباً اجرای یک یا هر دو تکلیف در الگوی تکلیف دوگانه تعادلی- شناختی دچار اختلال می شود. لذا محقق در تحقیق حاضر به دنبال مطالعه تاثیر یک برنامه تمرینات تعادلی 12 جلسه ای بر اجرای تکالیف دوگانه تعادلی- شناختی بوده تا شاید از این طریق بتواند از ظرفیت محدود توجه در جهت استفاده موثرتر برای انجام تکلیف شناختی بهره برد. جهت اجرای این تحقیق30 ورزشکار حرفه ای با میانگین سنی1/2±4/24 سال، میانگین وزنی 6/10±7/79 کیلوگرم انتخاب و بطور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی طبقه بندی شدند. تعادل پویا با دستگاه بایودکس ( درجه بی ثباتی 4 و 8)، تعادل ایستا با آزمون استرک تعدیل شده و از آزمون ادبال برای آزمون تکلیف شناختی استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمونهای آماری تی مستقل و وابسته در نرم افزار SPSS17 استفاده گردید(سطح معناداری 05/0).نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که انجام یک برنامه تمرین تعادلی نمی تواند تاثیر معنی داری بر اجرای هم زمان تکلیف تعادلی- شناختی در شرایط حسی مختلف داشته باشد.
- Abstract
- By a review of previous studies on balance-cognitive dual-task I found that the majority of these studies had either a theoretical view focusing on the measurement of dual-task cost in different balance-cognitive dual-task combinations and the explanation of causes of obtaining different dual-task costs by those combinations or had a therapeutic view widely discussing the rehabilitation of injured people, disables or older adults through increasing the dual-task cost. I also found that the number of studies dealing with young healthy athletic subjects and considering the decrease of dual-task cost is generally few. Therefore, the purpose of my research was to investigate whether a balance training program has an effect on attentional demand in balance-cognitive dual-tasks and leads to a decrease in dual-task costs in young healthy athletes since most of the sport activities performed by these subjects is in form of dual or multiple task and finding a way which can lead to a decrease in dual-task cost will probably help them to perform these activities more skillfully and prevent them from being less injured. Thirty young male athletes participated in this experimental research. Fifteen untrained subject were assigned to control group and other fifteen subjects were assigned to intervention group. All subjects of the intervention group received a 5 week balance training program, while subjects of the control group received no training. Measures took place before and after the 5 week balance training program. During the training sessions the exercises were carried out with a gradual increase in difficulty and intensity (from static to dynamic balance training). The balance-cognitive dual-task tests consisted of dynamic balance-cognitive dual-task test and static balance-cognitive dual-task test. Dynamic balance tests were taken in four sensory conditions (instability of degree 4 and 8 for the eyes-opened and eyes-closed) on Biodex instrument while the subjects were responding simultaneously to an auditory cognitive task called Oddball. In static balance test the subjects performed a Stork test (on one leg) in two sensory conditions (on firm surface for the eyes-opened and eyes-closed) while again they were responding to the Oddball task. According to our findings, no significant difference was found between control and intervention groups in none of this research tests. And it is interpreted that balance training dose not lead to a decrease in dual-task cost and it does not lead to an improvement in balance and cognitive tasks consequently. Several possible explanations for the result found in this study could be proposed. For example, the present study deals with young subjects as well as athletic subjects who participated in one or more sports on a regular basis and so the employed exercises were not probably very difficult for them. And a different explanation could be that the time training was relatively insufficient or the trainings were not suitable for these tests.
